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Women in Rome

The place of the matrona (a Roman woman) in the society was basically indoors, taking care of the family and household. They were under the protection of the pater familias (the master of the house), either the father or the husband. They were not entitled to have any public office or to participate in any political activities. The notable exception were the Vestal Virgins, that held a religious status and special privileges. Due to this background position in the society, women referred by name in the ancient sources are scarce.

Some exceptions are (list not exaustive and far from being complete):

Aemilia Scaura (1st century BC), second wife of Pompey and stepdaughter of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, the dictator
Agrippina Major (1st century), wife of Germanicus, mother of emperor Caligula
Agrippina Minor (1st century), wife of emperor Claudius, mother of emperor Nero
Caecilia Metella, the women of the Caecilius Metellus family
Clodia (1st century BC), Catullus's Lesbia
Cornelia Africana (2nd century BC), mother of Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
Cornelia Cinna (1st century BC), wife of Julius Caesar
Cornelia Metella (1st century BC), fifth wife of Pompey
Domitia Longina (1st century), wife of Domitian
Fulvia (1st century BC), wife of Marcus Antonius
Julia Caesaris, the women of the Julii Caesarii family
Julia Domna (3rd century AD), wife of Septimius Severus
Livia Drusilla (1st century BC), wife of Augustus
Messalina, Emperor Claudius' wife
Mucia Tertia (1st century BC), wife of Pompey
Plautia Urgulanilla, Emperor Claudius' first wife
Servilia Caepionis (1st century BC), Julius Caesar mistress, mother of Brutus

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This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Women in Rome".