Whampoa Military Academy
The Whampoa Military Academy or Huangpu Military Academy (黃埔軍校, Pinyin huang2 pu3 jun1 xiao4) was a military academy in China founded on June 16, 1924 to train military commanders for the National Revolutionary Army (NRA) of the Kuomintang (KMT) in preparation of the Northern Expedition. It eventually became a major pool of Chinese army commanders in the Chinese Civil War and Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945).
Originally named the Chinese Nationalist Party Army Officer Institute (中國國民黨陸軍軍官學校), the academy was located on Chengzhou Island offshore from the Whampoa dock in Guangzhou, thus earning its common name. It was comprised of six departments: political, instruction, training, management, medic and supplies.
The academy concentrated the revolutionary military talents at the time. Chiang Kai-shek was appointed the first principal of the academy. Zhou Enlai, Hu Han-min (胡漢文) and Wang Ching-wei were among the instructors in the political department, and He Yingqin (何應欽) and Ye Jianyin (葉劍英) were once military instructors.
Whampoa Academy initially had many instructors from the Soviet Union; those instructors left, however, after Chiang Kai-shek's break with the Communist Party of China (CCP) in the late 1920s. In 1950, after the Communist victory on mainland China and the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the academy was relocated to Fengshan, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan, where it remains today.
Many prestigious commanders, Kuomintang and Communist, graduated from this academy, including:
See also: History of the Republic of China
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