List of liberal thinkers and leaders

Liberal thinkers (chronological)

• Baruch de Spinoza
• John Locke
• David Hume
• Adam Smith
• Denis Diderot
• Voltaire
• Charles de Montesquieu
• Immanuel Kant
• Thomas Paine
• Benjamin Franklin
• Thomas Jefferson
• Marquis de Condorcet
• Alexis de Tocqueville
• Frédéric Bastiat
• James Mill
• Jeremy Bentham
• John Stuart Mill
• Herbert Spencer
• T. H. Green
• Wilhelm von Humboldt
• Friedrich Naumann
• Émile Durkheim
• Max Weber
• Leonard Trelawny Hobhouse
• Ludwig Joseph Brentano
• John Maynard Keynes
• William Beveridge
• Wilhelm Röpke
• José Ortega y Gasset
• Benedetto Croce
• Salvador de Madariaga y Riojo
• Friedrich August von Hayek
• Raymond Aron
• Isaiah Berlin
• John Kenneth Galbraith
• Karl Raimund Popper
• Ralf Dahrendorf
• John Rawls
• Richard Rorty

Liberal leaders (per country)

Albania

• Interbellum: Stylian Fan Noli

Argentina

• Unión Civica Radical: Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear - Hipólito Irigoyen - Arturo Umberto Illia - Raúl Alfonsín

Australia

• Alfred Deakin
• Australian Democrats: Natasha Stott Despoja - Andrew Bartlett

Austria

• Anton von Schmerling

Belgium

• Parti Libèral: Charles Rogier - Hubert Frère-Orban - Paul Janson - Paul Hymans - Paul-Emile Janson
• Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten: Guy Verhofstadt

Bolivia

• Hernán Siles Zuazo

Brazil

• Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro: Tancredo Neves

Bulgaria

• Pre-communist period: Ljuben Karavelov - Petko Karavelov - Alexander Malinov
• Zhelyu Zhelev

Canada

• Louis Joseph Papineau
• Liberal Party of Canada: Alexander Mackenzie - Wilfrid Laurier - William Lyon Mackenzie King - Louis St. Laurent - Lester Bowles Pearson - Pierre Elliott Trudeau - John Napier Turner - Jean Chrétien - Paul Martin

Chile

• Partido Liberal: Arturo Alessandri Palma

Colombia

• Partido Liberal: Jorge Eliécer Gaitan - Alfonso Lopez Michelsen

Czechoslovakia (former)

• National Social Party: Tomáš Masaryk - Edvard Beneš
• non-partisan: Václav Havel

Czech Republic

• non-partisan: Václav Havel
• Free Democrats: Jiri Dienstbier

Denmark

• Radikale Venstre: Carl Theodor Zahle - Hilmar Baunsgaard
• Venstre: Poul Hartling

Ecuador

• Eloy Alfaro

Egypt

• Wafd: Said Zaghlul Pasha - Mustafa el-Nahas Pasha

Estonia

• Jaan Tõnisson

Finland

• Kansallinen Edistyspuolue: Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg

Finland

• Keskustapuolue: Esko Aho

France

• 19th century: Marie-Joseph Marquis de Lafayette - Benjamin Constant de Rebecque - François Guizot - Adolphe Thiers - Jules Grévy
• Parti Radical: Léon Gambetta - Georges Clemenceau - Edouard Daladier - Edouard Herriot - Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber
• Simone Veil

Germany

• Liberals before 1918: Rudolf von Bennigsen -
• Freisinn: Theodor Barth - Friedrich Naumann - Max Weber
• Deutsche Demokratische Partei: Walther Rathenau - Theodor Heuss
• Deutsche Volkspartei]: Gustav Stresemann
• LDPD (East-Germany): Wilhelm Külz
• Freie Demokratische Partei: Ralf Dahrendorf - Karl-Hermann Flach - Hans-Dietrich Genscher - Walter Scheel

Greece

• Enosis Kentrou: Georgious Papandreou
• Komma Fileleftheron: Eleftherios Venizelos

Honduras

• Partido Liberal: Roberto Suazo Córdova - José Azcona del Hoyo- Carlos Roberto Reina

Hungary

• 19th century: Lajos Kossuth - Ferenc Deák
• Alliance of Free Democrats: Árpád Göncz

India

• Surendranath Banerjea

Iran

• Netzat Azadi: Medhi Bazargan

Italia

• 19th century: Count Camillo Benso di Cavour - Giuseppe Mazzini- Francesco Crispi - Agostini Depretis - Giovanni Giolitti - Carlo Rosselli
• Unione Nazionale: Giovanni Amendola
• Partito Liberale Italiano: Benedetto Croce - Luigi Einaudi
• Partito Repubblicano Italiano: Ugo la Malfa - Giovanni Spadolini

Japan

• Itagaki Taisuke - Hamaguchi Osachi

Latvia

• Demokratiskais Centrs: Jānis Čakste

Lithuania

• Lithuanian Peasants Union: Kazys Grinius

Luxembourg

• Demokratesch Partei: Gaston Thorn

Mexico

• Pre-revolution: Benito Juárez - Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada - Francisco I. Madero

Netherlands

• Liberals in the nineteenth century: Johan Rudolf Thorbecke - Samuel van Houten
• Joannes Kappeyne van de Coppello - Johannes Pieter Roetert Tak van Poortvliet - Hendrik Goeman Borgesius
• Vrijzinnig-Democratische Bond: Dirk Bos - Aletta Jacobs - Pieter Jacobus Oud
• Liberale Staatspartij: Benjamin Marius Telders
• Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie: Pieter Jacobus Oud - Hans Wiegel - Frits Bolkestein
• Democraten 66: Hans van Mierlo - Jan Terlouw - Thom de Graaf - Boris Dittrich

Norway

• Venstre: Johan Sverdrup - Johannes Steen - Lars Sponheim

New Zealand

• Richard John Seddon

Nicaragua

• Augusto Cesar Sandino

Norway

• Venstre: Gunnar Knudsen

Philippines

• Partido Liberal: Manuel Roxas - Diosdado Macapagal - Benigno Aquino

Poland

• Hanna Suchocka

Romania

• Partidul National Liberal: Ion Brătianu - Ionel C.C. Brătianu

Russia

• pre-revolution: Pavel Milyukov - Prince Georgy Yevgenyevich Lvov
• Dissidence during communism: Andrei Sakharov
• Yabloko: Grigorii Yavlinskii

Senegal

• Parti Démocratique du Sénégal: Abdoulaye Wade

Serbia

• Vladimir Jovanovic

Slovenia

• Liberalna Demokracija Slovenije: Janez Drnovsek

South Africa

• United Party: Jan Smuts
• South African Liberal Party: Alan Paton
• Progressive Federal Party: Helen Suzman
• Democratic Alliance: Colin Eglin - Tony Leon

Spain

• Liberals before 1912: Emilio Castelar u Ripoll - José Canalejas y Mendez
• Izquierda Republicana: Manuel Azaña
• Centro Democratico y Social: Adolfo Suárez

Sweden

• Folkpartiet Liberalerna: Bertil Ohlin - Gunnar Helén - Per Ahlmark - Ola Ullsten - Bengt Westerberg - Maria Leissner - Lars Leijonborg

Switzerland

• Freisinn: Ludwig Snell - Johann Escher

Taiwan

• Democratic Progressive Party: Chen Shui-bian

Thailand

• Democratic Party: Chuan Leekpai

Ukraine

• Serhij Jefremov

United Kingdom

• Whigs: Charles James Fox - Charles Earl Grey
• The Liberal Party: Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston - William Ewart Gladstone - Henry Campbell-Bannerman - Herbert Henry Asquith - David Lloyd George - Herbert Samuel - Archibald Sinclair- John Maynard Keynes - Clement Davies - Jo Grimond - Jeremy Thorpe
• Liberal Democrats: David Steel - Paddy Ashdown - Ralf Dahrendorf - Charles Kennedy

United States

• 18th/19th century: Benjamin Franklin - Thomas Jefferson - James Madison
• Democratic Party: Franklin Delano Roosevelt- Hubert H. Humphrey - Nelson Rockefeller - John F. Kennedy - Robert Kennedy - Edward Kennedy - Allard K. Lowenstein - Eugene McCarthy - George McGovern - Jimmy Carter - Bill Clinton

Uruguay

• Partido Colorado: José Battle y Ordoñez - Julio Maria Sanguinetti