Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) refers to the condition in which a foetus is unable to grow to its genetically determined potential size to a degree that may affect the health of the foetus. This can be contrasted to small for gestational age (SGA). Not all foetuses that are SGA have IUGR.
Possible maternal causes of IUGR (adapted from Severi, 2000) include the following:
Chronic hypertension
Pregnancy-associated hypertension
Cyanotic heart disease
Class F or higher diabetes
Hemoglobinopathies
Autoimmune disease
Protein-calorie malnutrition
Smoking
Substance abuse
Uterine malformations
Thrombophilia
Possible causes of IUGR related to the placenta and/or umbilical cord include the following:
Multiple gestation
Twin-to-twin transfusion
Abnormal cord insertion
Placental abnormality
Chronic abruption
Placenta previa
Cord anomalies
Referenced By
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