7th September

Events

• 1191 - Third Crusade: Battle of Arsuf - Richard I of England defeats Saladin at Arsuf.
• 1776 - World's first submarine attack. American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship Eagle in New York Harbor.
• 1812 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Borodino - Napoleon defeats the Russian army of Alexander I near the village of Borodino.
• 1822 - Brazil declares its independence from Portugal.
• 1864 - American Civil War: Atlanta, Georgia is evacuated on orders of Union General William Tecumseh Sherman.
• 1876 - In Northfield, Minnesota, Jesse James and the James-Younger Gang attempt to rob the town's bank but are surrounded by an angry mob and are nearly wiped out.
• 1901 - The Boxer Rebellion in China officially ends with the signing of the Peking Protocol.
• 1911 - French poet Guillaume Apollinaire is arrested and put in jail on suspicion of stealing the "Mona Lisa" from the Louvre museum.
• 1921 - In Atlantic City, New Jersey, the first Miss America Pageant is held.
• 1940 - World War II: The Blitz - Nazi Germany begins to rain bombs on London. This will be the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing.
• 1950 - The gameshow Truth or Consequences debuts on television.
• 1953 - Nikita Khrushchev becomes head of the Soviet Central Committee.
• 1963 - The Pro Football Hall of Fame opens in Canton, Ohio with 17 charter members.
• 1965 - Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlight, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Pirahna on the Batangan Peninsula, 23 miles south of the Chu Lai Marine base.
• 1966 - The final new episode of The Dick Van Dyke Show airs (the first episode aired on October 3, 1961).
• 1970 - An anti-war rally is held at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, attended by John Kerry, Jane Fonda and Donald Sutherland.
• 1971 - The last new episode of The Beverly Hillbillies is aired (the first episode debuted on September 26, 1962).
• 1977 - Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The US agrees to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.
• 1979 - The Entertainment and Sports Programming Network (ESPN) makes its debut.
• 1979 - The Chrysler Corporation asks the United States government for $1 billion dollars to avoid bankruptcy.
• 1986 - Desmond Tutu becomes the first black to lead the Anglican Church in South Africa.
• 1996 - In Las Vegas, Nevada, actor and recording artist Tupac Shakur is shot several times after attending a boxing match.
• 1997 - The first test flight of the F/A-22 Raptor takes place.

Births

• 1533 - Queen Elizabeth I of England († 1603)
• 1701 - Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, naturalist († 1788)
• 1829 - Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz, organic chemist († 1896)
• 1860 - Grandma Moses (Anna Mary Robertson Moses), painter († 1961)
• 1866 - Tristan Bernard, writer († 1947)
• 1867 - J. P. Morgan, financier († 1943)
• 1885 - Elinor Wylie, writer
• 1900 - Taylor Caldwell, author († 1985)
• 1908 - Dr. Michael DeBakey, heart surgeon
• 1908 - Paul Brown, National Football League coach († 1991)
• 1909 - Elia Kazan, director
• 1912 - David Packard, automotive engineer
• 1913 - Sir Anthony Quayle, actor
• 1923 - Peter Lawford, actor, member of the Kennedy family († 1984)
• 1929 - Sonny Rollins, jazz saxophonist
• 1930 - King Baudouin I of Belgium († 1993)
• 1936 - Buddy Holly, singer († 1959)
• 1937 - John Phillip Law, actor
• 1938 - Susan Stamberg, National Public Radio commentator
• 1939 - Donnie Allison, NASCAR driver
• 1946 - Francisco Varela, biologist
• 1947 - Graham Young, British serial killer, (d. 1990)
• 1949 - Lee McGeorge Durrell author, television presenter, zookeeper
• 1949 - Gloria Gaynor, singer
• 1951 - Chrissie Hynde, guitarist, singer
• 1952 - Susan Blakely, actress
• 1954 - Benmont Tench, keyboardist
• 1954 - Corbin Bernsen, actor
• 1956 - Michael Feinstein, musician, composer
• 1962 - Thomas L. Beard, musician, composer
• 1968 - Marcel Desailly, French footballer
• 1976 - Shannon Elizabeth, actress
• 1976 - Stevie Case (Killcreek), video game celebrity

Deaths

• 1548 - Catherine Parr, widow of Henry VIII of England
• 1559 - Robert Estienne, early printer of the Bible
• 1892 - John Greenleaf Whitter, poet
• 1951 - Maria Montez, actress
• 1954 - Glenn 'Pop' Warner, American football coach
• 1962 - Isak Dinesen (Karen Blixen), author
• 1971 - Spring Byington, actress
• 1976 - Daniel F. Galouye, science fiction author
• 1978 - Keith Moon, musician
• 1969 - Everett Dirksen, former Senator from Illinois
• 1982 - Ken Boyer, baseball star
• 1991 - Edwin Mattison McMillan, physicist
• 1994 - James Clavell, author
• 1997 - Mobutu Sese Seko, dictator of Zaire
• 2001 - Spede Pasanen, Finnish television star
• 2003 - Warren Zevon, American musician-songwriter

See Also:' January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December